Functional family therapy aims to assess how interactions between different family members may contribute to a child’s disruptive behaviors. Family therapy: In many cases, family therapy is the preferred treatment for children and adolescents with ODD and/or CD.A 2018 study found that people with IED were able to control their anger more effectively after undergoing CBT in a group setting. CBT is also commonly used to treat people with kleptomania. Research suggests that CBT may help people with pyromania to identify and resist their urges. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT can help people with ICDs improve their problem-solving and decision-making skills.Meanwhile, people with IED have higher-than-average rates of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and bipolar disorder. For example, up to 60% of people with kleptomania also meet the criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Comorbid mental health conditions: Many people with impulse control disorders have comorbid mental health conditions, including personality disorders, substance use disorders, mood disorders, depression, and anxiety.Up to 30%–50% of people with oppositional defiant disorder also meet the criteria for ADHD. ADHD is often comorbid with (exists alongside) ODD. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder involves hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness. Dopamine agonists (common medications prescribed to people with PD) can increase the risk of impulse control disorders and other disruptive, compulsive, and/or repetitive behaviors. Parkinson’s disease (PD): Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes symptoms like stiffness, slowness, balance and coordination problems, and tremors.For example, studies suggest that people with pyromania may have problems with memory, executive functioning (thinking skills in planning, memory, and self-control), and attention. Brain function: Imaging tests and cognitive assessments have revealed impairments in brain structure, thinking, and cognitive function among people with impulse control disorders.Research indicates that people with kleptomania are more prone to novelty-seeking behaviors (pursuit of new experiences with intense emotional sensations) and are less likely to relate to others. Personality traits: Certain personality traits may make someone more likely to develop an ICD.Certain environmental factors, such as childhood poverty, significantly increase the risk that someone will later be diagnosed with an impulse control disorder. Trauma: Children with impulse control disorders like ODD or CD are significantly more likely than others to have been abused, neglected, harshly punished, or exposed to substance abuse or violence in the home.Meanwhile, twin studies suggest that conduct disorder is passed down in families about 50% of the time. Oppositional defiant disorder, for example, is inherited in approximately 61% of cases. Genetics: Research suggests that genetics plays a role in the development of impulse control disorders.
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